An Introduction to Biophysical Characterisation
using Dual Polarisation Interferometry
Dual Polarisation Interferometry (DPI) is a highly versatile, powerful analytical technique for
biophysical characterisation of proteins and other biomolecules. It extends the typical dynamic
measurements of conventional biosensors by including an additional quantitative, sub molecular,
conformational measurement.
DPI delivers a unique perspective on biochemistry, linking conformational changes to biochemical activity at a resolution normally associated with ‘big physics.
Two polarisations of light are passed through the
sensor which consists of an upper ‘sensing’ layer
and an embedded ‘reference’ layer. The output
from each of the layers then combine producing two
interference patterns which are detected by a
camera.
As molecules bind (or change shape) on the
surface of the ‘sensing’ layer, they are probed by
the evanescent field from the ‘sensing’ surface.
This, in turn, changes both interference patterns. As
material binds, the interference pattern shifts one
way. As material is removed from the surface, the
interference pattern returns.
The AnaLight® Resolver software automatically analyses both sets of data and outputs the real time
changes in the thickness, density and mass of the molecular layer. All of the calculations are based on
classical optics theory and have been independently validated by, amongst others, the National
Physics Laboratory (NPL) in the UK. www.farfield-group.com